Soldiers

Buffalo Soldiers were African American soldiers who served in the U.S. Army after the Civil War, primarily in the late 1800s and early 1900s. They were part of segregated units and were known for their bravery and resilience, they played a vital role in shaping American history. The name, "Buffalo Soldiers," was given by Native Americans, symbolizing their strength and toughness. While we have not yet documented specific "Buffalo Soldiers" we know that there were African American soldiers in this area during the civil war. 

Sherwood  (June 4, 1863)

Sherwood, in Jasper County near Joplin, was the site of a significant Civil War skirmish. Union forces, sent to gather corn, were ambushed by over 200 Confederate bushwhackers led by Livingston. Despite being outnumbered, Union troops fought fiercely for hours before retreating, suffering casualties that included black soldiers from the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry. Many were killed or captured, with some managing to escape into the woods.

Union reports describe the black soldiers fighting valiantly but overwhelmed by the surprise attack, losing many in the process. Confederate sources depict the black troops as offering little resistance, being quickly slaughtered. The fighting near Sherwood reflects the brutal guerrilla warfare that plagued the region and the sacrifices made by African American soldiers.

This highlights the dangers faced by African American troops in frontier conflicts like those near Sherwood. Despite brutal attacks and prejudice, they fought courageously and contributed to Union victories. Their bravery in places like Sherwood helped forge a legacy of resilience, strengthening the fight for civil rights and recognition for all soldiers who served their country.

Missouri’s African American Troops

During the Civil War, over 8,000 black Missourians served in the Union Army. Despite facing discrimination—being paid less and given inferior equipment—they fought bravely for freedom from slavery and equal rights. Many volunteered, knowing their service was a step toward citizenship and civil rights, and some helped establish schools like Lincoln University after the war.

Formation of the African American Troops

In 1862, Congress allowed black men to serve in the Union Army, beginning with units like the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry. By 1864, the African American regiments were organized into the United States Colored Troops (USCT), comprising around 176,000 to 200,000 soldiers. Despite resistance and prejudice, they proved their courage in numerous battles across the South.

Missouri’s Role in Civil War Conflicts  

Missouri was a key battleground, with fierce fighting and guerrilla warfare. Many black soldiers fought in battles such as Wilson’s Creek and Island Mound. Their bravery challenged stereotypes and helped advance the cause of equality, laying groundwork for future civil rights efforts.